State the Snell law.

Snell’s law states that when light enters obliquely into a transparent medium from another transparent medium, then for a fixed pair of media and for a fixed colour of light the ratio of the sine of the angle of incidence to the sine of the angle of refraction always remains constant.

What is focal plane?

The imaginary plane which passes through the principal focus of a lens, perpendicular to its principal axis is called the focal plane of the lens.

What is total internal reflection?

Total internal reflection is the phenomenon that occurs when a propagated wave strikes a medium boundary at an angle larger than a particular critical angle with respect to the normal surface of the medium.