In green plants in light independent phase of photosynthesis there are three pathways of CO2 reduction. One of it is Hatch and Slack cycle or C4 pathway. The first stable substance formed in the pathway is 4 – carbon Oxaloacetic acid. In C4 plants, at the same time both the Hatch and Slack cycle and … Read more
The process in which oxygen, hydrogen and electrons are evolved through the hydrolysis of water with the help of sunlight and chlorophyll is called the photolysis of water.
The respiration which occurs in absence of oxygen, is called anaerobic respiration. In anaerobic respiration, respiratory substances being partially oxidized with the help of enzymes, produce different types of organic compounds (ethyl alcohol, lactic acid etc), CO2 and small amount of energy. Only in some microorganisms such as in bacteria, yeast etc. anaerobic respiration occurs.
The formula of pyruvic acid is C3H4O3.
The cell division process where nucleus of a cell divides directly into two parts is known as amitosis cell division. In this cell division at first both nucleus and cytoplasm divides into two parts. This type of cell division is found in bacteria, blue green algae, yeast etc.
In animal cells of the pro-metaphase stage of mitosis cell division, the spindle apparatus is developed from centrioles, and the centrioles remain in the two poles with rays spreading out from them. This rays are known as astral rays.
The cell division process where four daughter cells are produced from an eukaryotic cell and number of chromosomes become half comparing to the mother cell is known as reductional division or meiosis cell division. In the anthers and ovules of flowering plants, and in the testes and ovaries of animals meiosis occurs.
In mitosis cell division a cell divides into two and two cells divide into four cells and the process continues. But if this control is lost due to any reason, cell division continuous in an irregular way. This is called irregular cell division. Cancer, tumour etc. complicated diseases are the result of irregular cell division.