Kinetic Theory of Particles
Every substance is made of small particles which remain together using
an intermolecular force of attraction. These molecules also have a kinetic
force in them.
The attempt to prove the states of substances using the intermolecular force
of attraction and the kinetic force of the particles is known as the kinetic
theory of particles.
When the particles inside a substance remain in a very high force of
attraction, they stay together and cannot move that much. This is solid-state.
When heat is applied to such a solid substance, the particles start to
vibrate.
When more heat is applied, the particles lose some of their force of
attraction and they start some movement. This state of matter is called a
liquid. Liquid takes the shape of the container without changing its volume.
When more heat is applied to this liquid state of the substance, the particles
receive the heat, and the kinetic force in them is increased. This kinetic
force is increased to a level where they lose the intermolecular force of
attraction almost completely and start to move freely. This is the gaseous
state. When more heat is applied to this state of the substance, the particles
will only increase their speed of movement.
